English battles timeline The battle is notable for its high casualty rates, particularly on the first day when the British suffered 57,470 casualties. Middle Ages (1154 - 1485) Apr 8, 2021 · This World War I timeline of battles outlines the most important engagements of the 1914‑1918 war, from the first Battle of Mons to the final 1918 armistice. uk Jun 5, 2018 · Nonetheless, the English failed to pursue the retreating Scots and David was able to consolidate his gains in the North of England. Battle of Naseby . Each confrontation not only tested military strategies and leadership but also influenced public sentiment and international support. Public domain painting by John Trumbull. Forced [This second battle may have been the Battle of Llongborth. The Battle of Agincourt on 25 October 1415 saw Henry V of England (r. What were the First English Civil War battles? The First English Civil War (1642-6) battles included the battle of Edgehill, the battle of Marston Moor, the first and second battles of Newbury, and the battle of Naseby. Oliver Cromwell’s victory for Parliamentary forces at the 1645 Battle of Naseby ended the first stage of the war, while the second stage of the war was decided by Charles’ defeat at the Battle of Preston and his subsequent execution in 1649. An outline of British military history, 1660-1936 (1936). 1648. Jan-Oct 1066) by the invading Norman army led by William, Duke of Normandy (reigned from 1035). " Before 730: Northumbria annexed the kingdom of Rheged. 13 April: Battle of Ripple Field. It had only been twenty years since the first battle for independence had been fought and won over the British Empire with a new Constitution and the presidencies of Washington, Jefferson, and Adams in the books. You can also jump whole historic periods by clicking on the period name at the top of the timeline. 1350 to 1839) 1846, Aug 6–13: Battle of Battle Hill. 603 Battle of Degsastan: Battle between the English Kingdom of Bernicia and the kingdom of Dál Riata under King Áedán mac Gabráin. Battle of Lewes, 1264. – The war includes notable battles such as Marston Moor (1644) and Naseby (1645). 1327-1377) and Philip VI (r. May 14, 2024 · The surrender of the British at the Battle of Yorktown, ending the War of Independence in the United States. The Battle of Saint-Mathieu was a naval engagement between England and France that ended in an English victory. 2pm – the time this cannonade is commonly believed to have started. The English elite was split into two camps, each centred around a branch of the descendants of Edward III of England (r. Go to Normans. In the event, the battle was won by the Royal Air Force Fighter Command. The English won thanks to the Battle of Raith: Battle where the Angles defeated an alliance of Scots, Britons and Picts under King Áedán mac Gabráin of Dál Riata. 1413-1422) defeat an overwhelmingly larger French army during the Hundred Year's War (1337-1453). Starting at 1pm, the battle sees over 20,000 Zulus repelled and by 6pm the battle is over with the loss of only 18 British soldiers. 2,512 Plays 2,512 Plays 2,512 Plays. Dummer's War (1721–1725) New England Colonies Mohawk: Wabanaki Confederacy: British victory. The Battles of Imphal and Kohima was a key turning point during the Burma campaign on World War Two. More about: Hundred Years' War Timeline British 8th Army and U. John Talbot was killed in action. 1. 671 Battle of Two Rivers Oct 29, 2009 · The Revolutionary War (1775‑83), also known as the American Revolution, arose from growing tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13 North American colonies and the colonial government This is a timeline of English history, Battle of Lewes: Rebel English barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester defeated King Henry III. The Articles link for each of the battle and sieges below displays all articles on this site where the location is mentioned. Timeline of Events. World History Publishing is a non-profit organization registered in the United Kingdom. 17. England was at war with France and the French persuaded the Scots to renew American Revolution Timeline - Major Battles. org; British History Online; connectedhistories. • Battle of Arnhem: The major battle of Operation Market Garden; Allies reach but fail to cross the Rhine; British First Airborne Division destroyed. Although this was a civil war, and the whole country was affected, there were remarkably few major battles. Battle of the River Coa: The British Light Division’s fierce battle to escape from Marshal Ney’s French corps across the River Coa on 24 th July 1810 in the Peninsular War. Most articles outline battles fought on British soil, but we're now adding famous overseas battles as well. The English Civil Wars (1642-1651) witnessed a bitter conflict between Royalists ('Cavaliers') and Parliamentarians ('Roundheads'). Jun 10, 2020 · 10. The Battle of Lewes was a landmark battle in the Second Barons’ War, in which Henry III’s autocratic rule was challenged by a group of disenchanted barons led by Simon de Montford. It was fought by the First and Second Russian Armies against the German Eighth Army from 26 August to 30 August 1914. 101 Plays 101 Plays 101 Plays. It began principally because King Edward III (r. The War of Jenkins' Ear (1739 The Oxford history of the British army (Oxford UP, 2003). Pre-colonial time (c. A timeline of events that led up to the first surrender of a British army and the turning point in America’s fight for independence. British Allied victory: Royal navy won a battle; a small-scale Jacobite invasion was defeated; Treaty of The Hague: Spanish attempt at expansion fails. Actually a confusion with the Battle of Catraeth. . Richard Duke of York’s 8th son. blogspot. The American Revolution remains one of the most significant events in world history. 20 September: First Battle of Mar 19, 2021 · View the timeline of the battles of the English Civil War years, the series of conflicts between Parliamentarians and Royalists between 1642–1651. Anglo-Dutch Wars The Sovereign of the Seas , an English galleon of the Anglo-Dutch Wars. Battles of the War of the Spanish Succession. 583 Defeat of West Saxons at the Battle of Faddiley stops further incursion into Wales. colonial history, four punitive measures enacted by the British Parliament in retaliation for acts of colonial defiance, together with the Quebec Act establishing a new administration for the territory ceded to Britain after the French and Indian War (1754–63). There are a total of (19) Battle of Britain - WW2 Timeline (July 10th - October 31st, 1940) events in the SecondWorldWarHistory. 16 May: Battle of Stratton. From the British Library Timeline (1815; English facsimie) Second English Civil War (1648) Third English Civil War (1650–51) Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649) Monmouth Rebellion (1685) – in England; Jacobite Rebellions (1689-91; 1715-16; 1719; 1745-46) – in England, Scotland and Ireland Williamite War in Ireland (1688–91) Battle of the Boyne (1690) – last battle between two rival Sep 16, 2023 · – The war is characterized by a series of battles and campaigns, with both Royalist (Cavaliers) and Parliamentarian (Roundheads) forces vying for control. The battle consisted of Soviets and American troops along with British and Canadian allies retaliating against the Nazis to diminish their reign. This English Civil War timeline is part of a larger resource featuring other articles on the war, including the main factions, battles, and other Welcome to the Battlefields Trust interactive UK battles timeline (900 - 1800). Major British Battles Timeline Can you pick the correct British battle via the given the info? By Cortez. The shot heard around the world, that will go down in history. The battle came about after the death of Robert the Bruce in 1329, when his son David 11, aged five, was crowned king. online; Higham, John, ed. Setting the colonists ahead, and winning their first battle against the English. The battle lasted until November 18, 1916, resulting in over 1 million men being wounded or killed. English Civil War battles were significant in the scope of British history but they were not arrayed in the manner of a typical war. 1648. World History Foundation is a 501(c)3 charity registered in the United States. Saratoga (1777): This turning point in the war not only resulted in a decisive American victory but also persuaded France to enter the war as an ally Jul 18, 2024 · The British Military History Timeline reflects a vast and complex narrative shaped by centuries of warfare, strategy, and evolution. Battle of Bladon, British victory at Mount Bladon under ‘Ambrosius Aurelionus’ checks incursion by Saxon & Angles for about 44 years. S. Bunker Hill (1775): Although technically a British victory, this battle proved that colonial forces could inflict significant casualties on trained British soldiers, bolstering American morale. com database. C Priestley. 5th Army attempt unsuccessfully to break into the north Italian plains. The battle was fought between the Royal army under Charles I of England and Parliamentary troops led by Sir Thomas Fairfax. The Battle of Naseby was fought on June 14, 1645, and was a significant battle in the English Civil War. ) See this event in other timelines: Aug 3, 2021 · This letter, published in the Caledonian Mercury on 3 July 1815 gives a soldier's account of the battle. 5 July: Battle of Roundway Down. Explore the timline of Battle. War American Revolution Timeline - Major Battles. The timeline of battles during the Revolutionary War played a pivotal role in determining the eventual success of the American colonies in their quest for independence from British rule. 603 Dec 27, 2024 · Several significant battles in this war involved the English and the French as the major forces. The Timeline of the British Army 1700–1799 lists the conflicts and wars in which the British Army was involved. Maps. Britain recognises the rights of the region's indigenous inhabitants. planned. Dec 2, 2009 · The English Civil Wars (1642‑1651) stemmed from conflict between King Charles I and Parliament over an Irish insurrection. War of the Spanish Succession 1701–1714 Great Northern War 1717–1720 Jan 11, 2025 · The Battle of Fulford was fought on the outskirts of the village of Fulford near York in England, on 20 September 1066, when King Harald III of Norway, also known as Harald Hardrada ("harðráði" in Old Norse, meaning "hard ruler"), and Tostig Godwinson, his English ally, fought and defeated the Northern Earls Edwin and Morcar. The French eventually won and gained control of all of France except Calais. Jul 1, 2021 · September 19, 1777: The Battle of Freeman's Farm takes place in which the Americans under the command of Daniel Morgan and Benedict Arnold inflict heavy casualties on the British Army and their Native allies. 3pm – the estimated time that the main battle commenced, the first pitched battle of the English Civil War. 1452: 1485: 33: Originally Greyfriars Church in Leicester. the result was inconclusive but the casualties were 620000 allied and 450000 Germans making it one of the largest battles in the first world war. British battles timeline Can you pick the correct British battle via the given the info? By Cortez. uk Oct 22, 2024 · Share to Google Classroom Added by 1579 Educators. Edgehill and the First Civil War (1642-1646) – 23 October 1642: The Battle of Edgehill is fought. The British won the Battle of Bunker Hill. Sheppard, Eric William. A Guide to the Sources of British Military History (1971) 654 pages excerpt; Highly detailed bibliography and discussion up to 1970. org; ECW Living History Resources; English Civil War Society; hoydensandfirebrands. This battle was known to set the Revolutionary War off. English Civil War. British victory Battle of Ridgefield: April 27, 1777: Connecticut: British victory Battle of Thomas Creek: May 17, 1777: East Florida: British victory Meigs Raid: May 24, 1777: New York: American victory Battle of Short Hills: June 26, 1777: New Jersey: British victory Siege of Fort Ticonderoga: July 5–6, 1777: New York: British victory The English Civil War took place between 1642 and 1651 and was the result of conflict between Charles I and Parliament over an Irish insurrection. 1328-1350) escalated a dispute over feudal rights in Gascony to a battle for the French Crown. It was one of the largest battles of World War I, fought between the British, French, and German empires. Podcast of the Battle of Sahagun: The dawn attack by the British 15 th Hussars, on 21 st December 1808 in the snow, that routed a French cavalry brigade and set the standard for British cavalry in the Peninsular War; ‘Success to the Fifteenth; and ‘God Save the King’: John Mackenzie’s Britishbattles. From July 10 through October 31, 1940, pilots and support crews on both sides took to the skies and battled for control of airspace over Great Britain, Germany, and the English Channel. The Norwegians This battle took place at Marne river and the British soldiers helped the French try to defeat the german forces. The Battle of Kambula. 12 October 1066: Harold leaves London to meet William's troops. The Battle of Tannenberg was an battle between the Russian and German Empires in the first few days of World War I. Now This battle was a bloody battle,there were 182,000 total casualties. Battle of Flodden Field - Claire notes that inside The World's End tavern is the remnant of a wall built by the city fathers of Edinburgh after the disastrous Battle of Flodden Field in 1513 (V, chapter 25) The Battle of Flodden Field was fought on 9 September 1513. Charles subsequently fled into exile abroad. War of 1812 Timeline - Major Battles. Zulu losses are American Revolution Timeline - Major Battles. Over the course of hundreds of years, these men united diverse small kingdoms to form a large and powerful kingdom that would play a key role in European politics through today. 1138 *Battle of the Standard, sometimes called the Battle of Northallerton English forces under William of Aumale repelled a Scottish army led by King David I of Scotland. 9 Aug 1588 Elizabeth I of England visits her land army at Tilbury which was assembled to repel the invasion of the Spanish Armada of Philip II of Spain. Battle of Stratton: A decisive Royalist victory in Cornwall fought on 16 th May 1643. On land, the famous Battle of the Spurs on August 16, 1513, saw the routing of a French army at Guinegate in northern France. The Royalists supported first King Charles I of England (r. org. It was not limited solely to Berlin. A French army, under Jean Bureau, defeats an English army under John Talbot to end the Hundred Years' War. Third Anglo-Afghan War: British India and Emirate of Afghanistan: Afghanistan: 1919: Armistice; Treaty of Rawalpindi; The Durand Line was reaffirmed. A notable battle resulted in an Allied victory after the allies traversed to 5 different beachheads in Normandy to reclaim western Europe from Axis Powers. 16 February, Battle of Torrington victory for the New Model Army; 10 March, Ralph Hopton surrenders the Royalist army at Tresillian bridge in Cornwall. Battle of Edgehill: The First Major Battle of the English Civil War fought on 23 rd October 1642. Battle of Abu Hamed; Battle of Acre (1840) Action at Sihayo's Kraal; Battle of Boomplaats; British campaign in the Caribbean (1803) also referred as the Somme offensive, it was a major battle of the first world war and it was fought by the british empire and the french third Republic against the German empire. The Overview link takes you to the battle or siege's Wikipedia entry. Masterminded by William Slim, British and Allied forces won a decisive victory against the Japanese forces situated in north-eastern India. 671: Battle of Two Rivers The Annals of the Four Masters, written in the 17th century, records a number battles as having taken place in prehistoric Ireland. These include: 2530 AM – Battle of Mag Itha, the first recorded battle in Ireland [1] Feb 3, 2022 · The most important included the battles at Edgehill, Bristol, Newbury, Marston Moor, Naseby, Preston, and Dunbar. In this section of the Britain Express History Guide, we look at some of the more influential battles in British history. Launched in 1637, this was the largest warship of its time and the first to carry 100 guns. 21 March, Battle of Stow-on-the-Wold the last pitched battle of the First Civil War is a victory for the New Model Army; 13 April, Siege of Exeter ended with the surrender of Royalist garrison. To use, simply click on the navigation red arrows or circles to view the battle details. Battle of Imphal: British India and Imperial Japan (During World War II) Imphal, Manipur: 1944: British India victory Oct 19, 2021 · Known as the American Indian Wars, the conflicts involved Indigenous people, the English, Below is a timeline of the most significant battles and massacres of the wars. ] ) 722: According to the Annales Cambriae, 722 saw "the battle of Hehil among the Cornish, the battle of Garth Maelog, [and] the battle of Pencon among the south Britons, and the Britons were the victors in those three battles. H and E. The battle took place near the village of Stamford Bridge in Yorkshire, England, and was a decisive victory for the English forces. The Wars of the Roses (1455-1487) was a dynastic conflict between the English nobility and monarchy which led to four decades of intermittent battles, executions, and murder plots. Below is a comprehensive English Civil War timeline, featuring the events leading up to the war, the most important battles, and the events signaling the end of the war. The battle was fought on September 25, 1066, between the English army, led by King Harold Godwinson, and the invading Norwegian army, led by King Harald Hardrada. Apr 25, 2017 · The battle is also depicted in various artistic forms in modern day popular culture. 577 West Saxons defeat British at the Battle of Doerham. Richard III was the last English king to die in battle when his army was defeated during the Battle of Bosworth Field by Henry Tudor (Henry VII), the last major battle which ended the Wars of the Roses between the Houses of York and Lancaster. Revolutionary War Timeline Liana As the Royalists and Parliamentarian conflict of 17th century England comes to a head, a pitched battle is chosen for both sides to make their stand: Edge Hi Jan 7, 2014 · Battle of Edgehill Radway Exhibition; Battle of Worcester Society; bcw-project. com podcast on the battle. Entries are listed below by date-of-occurrence ascending Fought on St Andrew's day, this battle in muir of Dinnet was instrumental in the second War of Succession and Independence. September 20, 1777: The Battle of Bemis Heights begins and will take nearly two weeks of maneuvering and skirmishes to decide. This was also the first battle in European history where the use of cannon was a major factor in determining the victor. Norman Britain (1066 - 1154) The story behind the Battle of Hastings, and the leaders who fought it out in 1066. The British were sent to confiscate the weapons from the colonists, but in attempt they were fired upon, and 700 Brits died. The English fleet attacks the Spanish Armada of Philip II of Spain at the Battle of Gravelines, forcing the Spanish to retreat homewards via the Scottish coast. Battle of Lake Tanganyika: British, Belgians, and Germans battle for control of Lake Tanganyika 28-29 December First Battle of Durazzo: Allied fleet defeats Austro-Hungarian fleet off Albania 1916 8 January Action of 8 January 1916: Russian and Ottoman ships encounter each other in the black sea, have a brief exchange of fire then withdraw 16 Timeline of the War of 1812; A. Aug 21, 2017 · Our English Civil War timeline charts the lead up to 14 June 1645 Charles’s Royalist forces suffer a humiliating defeat by the New Model Army at the Battle of Oct 24, 2023 · The battles of the English Civil War were defining moments that shaped the course of English, and ultimately British, history. • Battle of Peleliu: A fight to capture an airstrip on a speck of coral in the western Pacific. URL has been copied successfully! The Northern Campaign of 1777 called for British General John Burgoyne to head south from Canada, advancing along Lake Champlain and the Hudson River to Albany. When the images are fully loaded, drag the white handles at the bottom to alter the scale (works really well on a whiteboard!): Definition. This is a timeline of battles involving Māori people in New Zealand. Second battle was the highest casualty loss of Americans for any day in the War of 1812. Other German cities were attacked to prevent the concentration of defences in Berlin. Cole, D. 603: Battle of Degsastan: Battle between the English Kingdom of Bernicia and the kingdom of Dál Riata under King Áedán mac Gabráin. In U. From the initial skirmishes at Edgehill to the decisive confrontation at Worcester, each battle carried weight and meaning, affecting not just military tactics but also political ideologies, alliances, and the lives of Interactive Map and Timeline of Wars and Battles throughout History. com; London Lives 1690-1800; Mercurius Politicus; Naseby Battlefield Project; National Civil War Centre; onedamnthing. WW1 timeline July-28-1914 to November-11-1918 By Jul 1, 2021 · September 19, 1777: The Battle of Freeman's Farm takes place in which the Americans under the command of Daniel Morgan and Benedict Arnold inflict heavy casualties on the British Army and their Native allies. In response to attacks on German cities, the Luftwaffe began Operation Steinbock (ibex)—a series of attacks on London. 25 April: Battle of Sourton Down. Battles of the American Civil War were fought between April 12, 1861, and May 12–13, 1865 in 19 states, mostly Confederate (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia [A]), the District of Columbia, and six territories (Arizona American Revolution Timeline - Major Battles. 2nd April 1879 – Chelmsford’s force, marching to relieve Eshow, are attacked at Gingindlovu. British troops, Revolutionary Battles - History Timeline and Chart of Revolutionary Battles Important events in history in a fast date order format via the Revolutionary Battles containing details of famous events and famous people who feature strongly in the history of America in this comprehensive Revolutionary War Timeline. The Luftwaffe lost 1,887 aircraft to the enemy's 1,547 (including 56 alone on September 15th) with 2,698 aircrew dead against the British 544. 1625-1649) and then his son Charles II, while the Parliamentarians, the ultimate victors, wanted to diminish the constitutional powers of the monarchy and prevent what they considered a May 5, 2021 · See a timeline of the war's battles. The wars ended with the Parliamentarian victory at the Battle of Worcester. These were dangerous uncertain times in Scotland, with divided loyalties among the gentry. From the origins of the British Armed Forces to their roles in key global conflicts, this timeline chronicles significant events that have defined national and international landscapes. England's Long Parliament passes the Vote of No Addresses, Feb 13, 2025 · English Civil Wars (1642–51), fighting that took place in the British Isles between supporters of the monarchy of Charles I (and his son and successor, Charles II) and opposing groups in each of Charles’s kingdoms, including Parliamentarians in England, Covenanters in Scotland, and Confederates in Ireland. Battle of Raith: Battle where the Angles defeated an alliance of Scots, Britons and Picts under King Áedán mac Gabráin of Dál Riata. 4,000 English killed in this battle. The Battle of Hastings in south-east England on 14 October 1066 saw the defeat of the Anglo-Saxon king Harold II (r. Battle of Seacroft Moor: A resounding defeat in the north of England for the Parliamentary Army of Sir Thomas Fairfax on 30 th March 1643. Adolf Hitler’s invasion of Poland in September 1939 drove Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany, marking the beginning of World War II. 30 June: Battle of Adwalton Moor. Podcast of the Battle of the River Coa. 1263 Battle of Largs, an inconclusive battle fought between Haakon IV of Norway and the Scots; 1264 Simon de Montfort leads rebel English barons to defeat Henry III at the Battle of Lewes; 1265 Simon de Montfort was defeated at the Battle of Evesham, 5,000 men died in Greenhill and the streets of Evesham on 4 August 1265 Henry III at the Battle Feb 24, 2025 · British India victory; The province of Burma became part of British India. 1267: It proved to be the last major battle of the English Civil War. Forced Go to the British History Timeline. Timeline of key political and military events 1640 - 1660 The Timetoast timeline that was previsouly here is built in Flash and is no longer embeddable, however you can view it in a new browser window. The Battle of Kambula is seen as the turning point into the Anglo-Zulu War. state): Lists of battles fought in Europe (see also List of conflicts in Europe) Last battle on British soil 2 October 1066: Harold sets off from York after Battle of Stamford Bridge. The Battles of Imphal and Kohima: 7 March – 18 July 1944. 2 days ago · In the Battle of Sluis (1340), however, the English naval force engaged in at-sea fighting. English Civil War Timeline. Now the River Raisin National Battlefield Park. The Anglo-Indian wars were the several wars fought in the Indian Subcontinent, over a period of time, between the British East India Company and different Indian states, mainly the Mughal Empire, Rohilkhand, Kingdom of Mysore, Subah of Bengal, Maratha Confederacy, Sikh Empire of Punjab, Kingdom of Sindh and others. Aug 27, 1776 After a brief battle, nearly the entire Hessains force was captured. Devon – the last major battle of the first English Civil War. For seven years from 1775-1783, battles were waged around the eastern seaboard of the United States, a revolution among the citizens of America, the nascent United States of America, against the British Empire, colonies rising up against the tyranny of their oppressors and seeking freedom. April 3, 1813 - Battle of Rappahannock River, Virginia English Kings Timeline Timeline Description: The early English kings, the Saxons, ruled England before the Norman Conquest of 1066. 1327-1377): the Yorks and Lancasters, who won. 1643: 19 January: the Battle of Braddock down. 16 December 1653 British History Timeline. Jan 3, 2024 · Battle of Edgehill Radway Exhibition; Battle of Worcester Society; bcw-project. Major Battles Timeline 500’s. 19 March: the Battle of Hopton Heath. 14 October 1066: Battle of Hastings takes place. 1 hour – the length of the initial cannonade at the beginning of the battle, in which artliiery fired canon at each other, with minimal impact. English Civil War Battles: Edgehill 23rd October 1642 The British Battles guide from Britain Express - major battles fought on British soil, listed by date First day retreat by British and their Indian allies from Frenchtown is countered four days later in their recapture of the town. 17th Century . The Battle of Berlin was the British bombing campaign on Berlin from November 1943 to March 1944. Top. states (see also Category:Battles by U. Most battle profile contains "at a glance" facts about: 5 days ago · Charles I leads his army into action at Edgehill - the first, but inconclusive, battle in the English Civil War Go to English Civil War (1642–49) in A Dictionary of World History (2 ed. the British HMS Lion is severely Definition. War. Medieval Battles & Wars – 11th and 12th century 1018 – The Byzantine army led by Basil II finish the conquest over the Bulgarians after a bitter 50-year struggle. Explore our timeline of the American Revolution and learn about the important events and battles that happened throughout this period of American history – from the Battles of Lexington and Concord to the signing of the Treaty of Paris. uk Lists of battles fought in Africa (see also List of conflicts in Africa) List of battles in South Africa; Lists of battles fought in the Americas Lists of battles fought in U. 23 October: Battle of Edgehill. 30 March: Battle of Seacroft Moor. elo utmn lommvgh miqpvq ucccwh enksvdt xymm ioqbbk ytoo acrlrs hduf noqflodh jhxjv hmc mqlku